SUMBER DAYA ALAM UNTUK KESEJAHTERAAN PENDUDUK LOKAL: Studi Analisis Dampak Pertambangan Batu Bara Di Empat Kecamatan Area Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia
Keywords: batu bara, coal, kutukan sumber daya alam, natural resource curse, social economy, sosial ekonomi
Abstract
This study aims to provethe famous, so called: resource curse hypothesis is really exist in Indonesia. In contrast to empirical studies typically use an econometric methods, we choose alternative, to use a field survey approach to interview and photograph the factual conditions that occur. We chose coal mining in Kalimantan corridor with four sample sub-district (kabupaten) and cities in the province of East Kalimantan (Kutai regency and the city of Samarinda) as an object of research. More specifically, the purpose of this study is to answer the question: whether the coal mining activities affect (positive or negative) for the population in the surrounding area. Primarily concerned with the social and economic dimensions such as environmental quality, livelihoods and the shift pattern, cost of living, income, employment opportunities and openness sought. The results show facts from field, the implications and provide insight to the truth of the resource curse hypothesis debate.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan hipotesis kutukan sumber daya alam (natural resource curse hypothesis) berlaku di Indonesia. Berbeda dengan penelitian empiris yang biasanya menggunakan pendekatan ekonometrik, kami memilih menggunakan pendekatan survei lapangan dengan wawancara dan memotret langsung kondisi faktual yang terjadi. Kami memilih pertambangan batu bara di koridor Kalimantan dengan empat sampel wilayah kecamatan kabupaten dan kota di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur (Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara dan Kota Samarinda) sebagai obyek penelitian. Lebih spesifik, tujuan penelitian ini untuk menjawab pertanyaan: apakah kegiatan pertambangan batu bara memberi dampak perubahan (positif atau negatif) bagi penduduk lokal di sekitar area terdampak. Terutama berkaitan dengan dimensi sosial dan ekonomi di antaranya seperti kualitas lingkungan, mata pencaharian dan pola pergeserannya, biaya hidup, penghasilan, kesempatan kerja dan keterbukaan berusaha. Hasil penelitian menyajikan temuan fakta, implikasi dan memberikan pencerahan terhadap perdebatan hipotesis kutukan sumber daya alam.
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References
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