Challenges to the Concept of Deliberative Policy in the Era of Society 5.0

Abstract

This article examines the development of the deliberative policy concept within the Indonesian context as the country undergoes transformation in response to the dynamics of the Society 5.0 era. The shift in public policymaking from hierarchical (top-down) models toward more participatory mechanisms constitutes a central issue of analysis. The growing demand for broader public engagement underscores the importance of formulating policy designs that are inclusive, adaptive, and responsive to social and technological change. Employing a literature review approach, this study explores how the integration of digital technologies with deliberative practices can enhance the quality of public policy processes. The analysis highlights that deliberative policy provides more open spaces for public participation while simultaneously offering opportunities to optimize the use of technology in decision-making processes. The findings indicate the urgency of developing strategies that are not solely oriented toward policy outputs but also aim to strengthen governmental institutional capacity and societal support. Indonesia’s adaptation to Society 5.0 therefore requires not only technological modernization but also a reconstruction of governance that positions public deliberation as a key instrument in realizing more democratic, inclusive, and sustainable governance.