ESTIMASI EMISI DIOKSIN/FURAN DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KONSENTRASI EMISI KE UDARA YANG BERASAL DARI INDUSTRI LOGAM
Keywords: dioxin/furan, dispersion methods, emission, persistent organic pollutants
Abstract
Dioxin/furan is one of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that the government and public in Indonesia has not taken care of, as there is currently no policy on reducing dioxin/furan emission, even according to previous research dioxin/furan emission has already high. Steel industries produce dioxin/furan emission that will give negative impact to the people (cancer and death) and environment. The objective of this research was to estimate dioxin/furan emission and to determine factors that influence dioxin/furan emission concentration on the air, especially from steels industries. Methods employed in this research used emission factors to estimate dioxin/furan emission and Gaussian dispersion modeling to estimate emission concentration. The result showed that dioxin/furan emission is 9,38-13,54 gTEQ and it has to be reduced. Production is main factor to contribute dioxin/furan emission to the air. Besides that, emission concentration also depends on temperature, wind speed, height of stacks and radius from the site to the recipient. The conclusion of the research is dioxin/furan emission should be reduced, by means of first or second treatment.
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Aritonang, V.P. (1999). Insinerator, sumber dioksin?. Ekolita: Majalah Manajemen Mutu, Lingkungan dan Appraisal (Edisi 5). Jakarta.
Connell, D.W. & Miller, G.J. (1995). Kimia dan ekotoksikologi pencemaran. Jakarta: UI Press.
EPA (Environment Protection Agency). (2003). Evaluating atmospheric releases dioxin-like coumpounds from combustion sources. Diambil 6 Februari 2006, dari http://www.epa.gov/ncea/pdfs/dioxin/nas-review/pdfs/part1_vol3/dioxin_pt1_vol3_ch03_dec2003.pdf .
European Commision. (2001). Community strategy for dioxin, furan and polychlorinated biphenyls, COM (2001) 593 final. Diambil 25 Desember 2005, dari http://europa.eu.int/eur.lex/en/com/pdf/2001/com2001_0593en01.pdf.
Gorman, S. & Tynan, E. (2003). Environment strategy notes: Persistent organics pollutants- a legacy of environmental harm and threats to health. No. 6 May 2003. Diambil 23 Februari 2004, dari http://www.worldbank.org/pops.
Gullet, B.K., Bruce, K.R., & Beach, L.D. (1990). The effect of metal catalysts on the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofurans precursors. Chemosphere. 20 (10-12),1945-1952. Great Britain: Pergamon Press.
Kishimoto, A., Oka, T., Yoshida, K., & Nakanishi, J. (2001). Socio economic analysis of dioxin reduction measures in Japan. Diambil 17 Juli 2005, dari http://risk.kan.ynu.ac.jp/rmg/ws2001/Kishimoto_slide.pdfabst(E).pdf.
Lvovsky, K., Hughes, G., Maddison, D., Ostro, B., & Pearce, D. (2000). Environmental costs of fossil fuels, a rapid assessment method with application to six cities. The World Bank Environment Department.
Matsushita, M. (2003). Enabling facilities to facilitate early action on implementation of the Stochkolm Convention on organics pollutants (POPs) in Indonesia. Makalah pada Workshop Sosialisasi Hasil Inventarisasi Bahan Kimia POPs di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup.
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. (2001). Dioxin research at the National Institute of Environmental Sciences (NIEHS). Diambil 4 Oktober 2004, dari http://www.niehs.nih.gov/oc/factsheets/dioxin.htm.
Rabl, A. & Spadaro, J.V. (1998). Health risk of air pollution from incenerators: A persfective. Waste Man Res Waste (16), 365-388.
Rappe, C. (1996). Sources and environmental concentrations of dioxins and related compounds. Pure Appl Chem 68 (9), 1781-1789.
Rufo & Rufo Jr. (2004). Clean incinerator of solid waste: A cost- benefit analysis for Manila. Singapore: Economy and Environment Program of Southeast Asia.
Soemarwoto, O. (2004). Atur diri sendiri, paradigma baru pengelolaan lingkungan hidup. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press.
Sumaiku, Y. (2004). Apa akibatnya dari pembakaran sampah di pekarangan rumah tangga dan pembakaran/kebakaran hutan terhadap kesehatan. Diambil 2 September 2004, dari http://www1.bpk.penabur.or.id/kps-jkt/sehat/sampah.htm.
Suminar, S.A. (2003). Estimasi emisi dioksin dan furan. Hasil penelitian disampaikan pada Enabling Activities to Facilitate Early Action on the Implementation of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Indonesia. Workshop Hasil Inventarisasi POPs. UNIDO. Jakarta: Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup.
UNEP Chemicals. (1999). Dioxin and furan inventories national and regional emissions of PCDD/PCDF. Geneva-Switzerland: Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals.
UNEP Chemicals. (2003). Formation of PCDD and PCDF an overview. Geneva, Switzerland. Diambil 27 Desember 2006, dari http://www.pops.int/documents/meetings/bat_bep/1st_session/EGB1_INF12doclist.pdf.
UNEP. (2003). Standardized toolkit for identification and quantification of dioxin and furan releases. Geneva-Switzerland: Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals. Diambil 2 September 2004, dari http://www.pops.int/documents/guidance/Toolkit_2003.pdf.
Widyatmoko, H. (1999). Masalah pencemaran dioksin. Diambil 2 September 2004, dari http://www.partaihijau.or.id/five-artikel1.html
Published
Aug 15, 2008
How to Cite
Warlina, L. ., Noor, E. ., Fauzi, A. ., Tarumingkeng, R. C. ., & Sutjahjo, S. H. . (2008). ESTIMASI EMISI DIOKSIN/FURAN DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KONSENTRASI EMISI KE UDARA YANG BERASAL DARI INDUSTRI LOGAM. Jurnal Matematika Sains Dan Teknologi, 9(1), 11–20. Retrieved from https://jurnal.ut.ac.id/index.php/jmst/article/view/597
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