Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture in Influencing Member Performance in Educational Organizations: The Moderating Effect of Person-Organization Fit
Keywords: Transformational leadership, Organizational culture, Person organization fit, Performance
Abstract
Purpose—This study aims to examine the influence of transformational leadership and organizational culture on members' performance within the Indonesian Teachers Association in Lamongan Regency while analyzing the moderating role of person–organization fit in these relationship.
Methodology – A quantitative explanatory research design was applied using a structured questionnaire which distributed to 327 members through an online survey. Some data were analyzed using structural equation modeling to test the measurement and structural models, ensuring the validity and reliability of the constructs before hypothesis testing.
Findings – The results indicated that transformational leadership and organizational culture significantly and positively affect members' performance. Moreover, person–organization fit strengthens these effects by linking individual and organizational values, leading to higher involvement, motivation, and performance. The model demonstrates a strong explanatory power or analytical power, confirming that leadership, culture, and value congruence are key factors of members' performance.
Originality – This study offers a original contribution by exploring value congruence and leadership effectiveness within a professional educational organization. It provides contextual understanding into how leadership and culture operate synergistically to strengthen performance in teacher associations, contributing to the theoretical and practical understanding of organizational performance in education-based institutions.
Downloads
References
Abduraimi, P. B., Mustafi, M., & Islami, X. (2023). The role of organizational culture on employee engagement. Business: Theory and Practice, 24(1), 109–122. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2023.17241
Adi Prasetya Waranda, & Anisah, H. U. (2023). The influence of transformational leadership on employee performance through intrinsic motivation and organizational citizenship behavior as intervening variables: Study at the High Religious Court of Jakarta, Indonesia. Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences, 6(5), 1129–1141. https://doi.org/10.37275/oaijss.v6i5.182
Agazu, B. G., Kero, C. A., & Debela, K. L. (2025). Transformational leadership and firm performance: A systematic literature review. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(1), Article 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-025-00476-x
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Campbell, J. P. (2022). The definition and measurement of performance. In D. R. Ilgen & E. D. Pulakos (Eds.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (Vol. 3, pp. 240–289).
Chen, Q., Li, J., Shen, R., Wang, R., Xu, J., & Zhou, J. (2024). Career adaptability and work engagement: The roles of person–organization fit and job insecurity. BMC Psychology, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01907-2
Datti, M. B., & Inuwa, M. (2023). Effect of intrinsic motivation and transformational leadership style on employee performance. International Journal of Intellectual Discourse, 6(3), 192–203.
Edwards, J. R., & Shipp, A. J. (2012). The relationship between person-environment fit and outcomes: An integrative theoretical framework. In C. Ostroff & T. A. Judge (Eds.), Perspectives on organizational fit (pp. 209–258). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203810026
Grah, B., Dimovski, V., Perić, M., Colnar, S., & Penger, S. (2024). Transformational leadership and work engagement: The moderating role of intrinsic motivation. Economic and Business Review, 26(1), 32–44. https://doi.org/10.15458/2335-4216.1334
Haq Aidi, H., Abidin, Z., & Asy, H. (2023). Peran organisasi PGRI dalam upaya meningkatkan profesionalisme guru. Intelegensia: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 11(2), 94–103.
Ismail, F., Abdullahi, M. S., Arnaut, M., Bano, Y., Hadi, N. M. H., & Gwadabe, Z. L. (2024). The effect of organizational culture on employee engagement in higher education institutions: The mediating role of job characteristics. Zhongguo Kuangye Daxue Xuebao, 29(3), 141–152.
Jufrizen, J., Khair, H., Siregar, A. P. W., & Hawariyuni, W. (2023). Person-organization fit and employee performance: Mediation role of job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Jurnal Organisasi dan Manajemen, 19(2), 360–378. https://doi.org/10.33830/jom.v19i2.5861.2023
Junaedi, M., & Wulani, F. (2021). The moderating effect of person–organization fit on the relationship between job stress and deviant behaviors of frontline employees. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 14(5), 492–505. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWHM-06-2020-0103
Kareem Salim, H., Ebrahimi Kahrizsangi, K., Al-Zameli, A. A.-H. H., & Ali Ahmadi, S. (2025). The impact of organizational culture and transformational leadership on financial health and the efficiency of accounting information systems. Business, Marketing, and Finance Open, 2(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.61838/bmfopen.2.3.1
Ketchen, D. J. (2013). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling. Long Range Planning, 46(1–2), 184–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2013.01.002
Khajeh, E. H. Al. (2018). Impacts of leadership styles on organizational performance. Journal of Human Resources Management Research, 2018, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5171/2018.687849
Khan, M. I., Salendu, A., Azzahra, F., & Hussain, S. (2025). The impact of organizational culture on innovative work behavior: Mediating role of perceived organizational support in Indonesian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Journal of Psychological Perspective, 7, 61–76. https://doi.org/10.47679/jopp.7110702025
Khoa, V. D., Quang, N. V., Dung, N. T. N., Hoa, B. T. P., & Huyen, N. T. T. (2024). Organizational culture and employees’ loyalty: An empirical research from a university context. International Journal of Religion, 5(6), 118–135. https://doi.org/10.61707/xz6y4808
Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4th ed.). The Guilford Press.
Kristof, A. L. (1996). Person-organization fit: An integrative review of its conceptualizations, measurement, and implications. Personnel Psychology, 49(1), 1–49. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1996.tb01790.x
Li, H., Sajjad, N., Wang, Q., Ali, A. M., Khaqan, Z., & Amina, S. (2019). Influence of transformational leadership on employees’ innovative work behavior in sustainable organizations: Test of mediation and moderation processes. Sustainability, 11(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11061594
Lin, Q. (2023). Transformational leadership and innovative work behavior: The role of identification, voice, and innovation climate. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 113, Article 103521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2023.103521
Liu, X., & Xie, C. P. (2023). How person–organization fit impacts work performance: Evidence from researchers in ten countries during the COVID-19. Sustainability, 15(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139866
Maizatullah, N. S., Abdul Wahab, S. R., Ruslan, N. H., Yoo, D., Song, M.-J., & Abd Jabar, S. (2024). Transformational leadership, job performance, and employee perspectives: An exploration. Journal of Human Capital Development, 17(1), 49–62. https://jhcd.utem.edu.my/jhcd/article/view/6451
Margaretha, M., Sudiro, A., Kurniawati, D. T., & Prabandari, S. P. (2025). Enhancing innovative work behavior through perceived organizational support: The mediating role of person-organization fit. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 23(2), 583–594. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.23(2).2025.42
Mousa, K. M., Ali, K. A. A., & Gurler, S. (2024). Strategic planning and organizational performance: An empirical study on the manufacturing sector. Sustainability, 16(15), Article 6690. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16156690
Muriuki, M. N., & Wanyoike, R. (2021). Performance appraisal and employee performance. International Academic Journal of Human Resource and Business Administration, 3(10), 265–272.
Negara, A. P. M. (2004). Manajemen sumber daya manusia perusahaan. PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Naiboğlu, G., & Özgenel, M. (2023). The effect of person-organization fit on organizational agility: The mediating role of organizational happiness. International Journal of Progressive Education, 19(3), 198–212. https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2023.546.12
Pham, V. K., Vu, T. N., Phan, T. T., & Nguyen, N. A. (2024). The impact of organizational culture on employee performance: A case study at foreign-invested logistics service enterprises approaching sustainability development. Sustainability, 16(15). https://doi.org/10.3390/su16156366
Sari, D. M., Krisnandi, H., Digdowiseiso, K., & Muhammad, R. (2024). Transformational leadership influence, intrinsic motivation, and compensation for employees' performance at PT ABC. International Journal of Social Service and Research, 4(2), 454–465. https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v4i02.717
Savić, B., Jelić, S., & Ostojić, V. V. (2023). The impact of organizational culture on financial performance of the company. Economic Themes, 61(2), 235–248. https://doi.org/10.2478/ethemes-2023-0012
Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass.
Teoh, B. E. W., Wider, W., Saad, A., Sam, T. H., Vasudevan, A., & Lajuma, S. (2022). The effects of transformational leadership dimensions on employee performance in the hospitality industry in Malaysia. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 913773. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.913773
Tulcanaza-Prieto, A. B., Aguilar-Rodríguez, I. E., & Artieda, C. (2021). Organizational culture and corporate performance in the Ecuadorian environment. Administrative Sciences, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci11040132
Wan, Q. (2024). Analysis of the impact of corporate culture construction on employee belongingness. Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Science, 8(7), 1695–1699. https://doi.org/10.26855/jhass.2024.07.027
Zhang, W., Zeng, X., Liang, H., Xue, Y., & Cao, X. (2023). Understanding how organizational culture affects innovation performance: A management context perspective. Sustainability, 15(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086644
Copyright (c) 2026 Kuswanto Kuswanto, Ratna Nurdiana, Sofia Tri Septiawati, Akmal Nasri Kamal

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.