Adnan, A. A. (2024). Data quality as a strategic lever for MIS success: Empirical evidence from Indonesia’s digital transformation. Data: Journal of Information Systems and Management, 2(1), 38–50. https://doi.org/10.61978/data.v2i1.911

Aldholay, A., Abdullah, Z., Isaac, O., & Mutahar, A. M. (2020). Perspective of Yemeni students on use of online learning: Extending the information systems success model with transformational leadership and compatibility. Information Technology & People, 33(1), 106–128. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-02-2018-0095

Aldholay, A., Isaac, O., Abdullah, Z., Abdulsalam, R., & Al-Shibami, A. H. (2018). An extension of the DeLone and McLean IS success model with self-efficacy: Online learning usage in Yemen. The International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 35(4), 285–304. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-11-2017-0116

Aldholay, A., Isaac, O., Abdullah, Z., & Ramayah, T. (2018). The role of transformational leadership as a mediating variable in the DeLone and McLean information systems success model: The context of online learning usage in Yemen. Telematics and Informatics, 35(5), 1421–1437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2018.03.012

Al-Fraihat, D., Joy, M., Masa’deh, R., & Sinclair, J. (2020). Evaluating e-learning systems success: An empirical study. Computers in Human Behavior, 102, 67–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.004

Alshamsi, S., Isaac, O., Ameen, A., Nusari, M., & Khalifa, G. S. A. (2020). Impact of transformational leadership on organizational innovation among government employees. Test Engineering and Management, (82), 14783–14794.

Aparicio, M., Oliveira, T., & Bacao, F. (2019). Gamification: A key determinant of massive open online courses. Information and Management.

Ayandibu, E. O. (2024). A review of transformational leadership and its impact on team, group, and departmental levels. International Journal of Development and Sustainability, 13(12).

Ayubi, M. N., & Retnowardhani, A. (2025). Optimizing learning experiences: A study of student satisfaction with LMS in higher education. Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.34306/att.v7i2.501

Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Sage Publications.

Bervell, B., Owuyaw, K., Kofi Armah, J., Mireku, D., Asante, A., & Somuah, B. (2023). Modelling distance education students’ satisfaction and continuous use intention of students’ portal: An importance–performance map analysis. Information Development, 42, 104–124. https://doi.org/10.1177/02666669231206774

Beste, T. (2023). Knowledge transfer in a project-based organization through microlearning on cost-efficiency. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 59(2), 288–313. https://doi.org/10.1177/00218863211033096

Çelik, K., & Ayaz, A. (2022). Validation of the DeLone and McLean information systems success model: A study on student information system. Education and Information Technologies, 27(4), 4709–4727. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10798-4

Cheng, Y. M. (2015). Towards an understanding of the factors affecting m-learning acceptance: Roles of technological characteristics and compatibility. Asia Pacific Management Review, 20(3), 109–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2014.12.011

Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business research methods (12th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.

DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (1992). Information systems success: The quest for the dependent variable. Information Systems Research, 3(1), 60–95. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.3.1.60

DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2003). The DeLone and McLean model of information systems success: A ten-year update. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(4), 9–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2003.11045748

Dolasinski, M. J., & Reynolds, J. (2020). Microlearning: A new learning model. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 44(3), 551–561. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348019871376

Flack, C. K. (2016). IS success model for evaluating cloud computing for small business benefit: A quantitative study (Doctoral dissertation). Walden University.

Gagné, J. C., Park, H. K., Hall, K. C., Woodward, A., Yamane, S. S., & Kim, S. S. (2019). Microlearning in health professions education: Scoping review. JMIR Medical Education, 5(2), e13997. https://doi.org/10.2196/13997

Ghazali, R., Ahmad, M. N., & Zakaria, N. H. (2015). The mediating role of knowledge integration in effect of leadership styles on enterprise systems success: The post-implementation stage. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 28(4), 531–555. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-08-2014-0083

Gu, E., Meng, T., Wang, H., & Zhang, A. (2023). E-government use, perceived transparency, public knowledge of government performance, and satisfaction with government: An analysis of mediating, moderating, and framing mechanisms based on the COVID-19 outbreak control survey data from China. Social Indicators Research, 169(1–2), 79–124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-023-03135-4

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Pearson.

Herlina, B., Syamsiar, S., & Mustaking, M. (2025). Ethics-driven digital learning governance in the civil service. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Publik, 9(3), 741–762. https://doi.org/10.24198/jmpp.v9i3.65153

Hollands, F., & Kazi, A. (2019). Benefits and costs of MOOC-based alternative credentials: 2018–2019. Center for Benefit-Cost Studies of Education.

Humam Ramadhan, F., & Nabila, M. (2025). Adaptive leadership strategies in navigating post-pandemic organizational transformation. Leadership Insights and Innovation Journal, 1(2).

Inker, J., Jensen, C., Barsness, S., & Stewart, M. M. (2020). Implementing microlearning in nursing homes: Implications for policy and practice in person-centered dementia care. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 40(9), 1062–1070. https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464820936907

Isaac, O., Aldholay, A., Abdullah, Z., & Ramayah, T. (2019). Online learning usage within Yemeni higher education: The role of compatibility and task–technology fit as mediating variables in the IS success model. Computers & Education, 136, 113–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.02.012

Jeyaraj, A. (2020). Variation in the effect of system usage and individual impact: A meta-regression of empirical findings. Information & Management, 57(6), 103242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2019.103242

Khalid, M., Nusari, M., & Isaac, O. (2020). Impact of transformational leadership on learning and growth: Training as a mediating variable. Journal of Critical Reviews, 3470–3478.

Khan, A. U., Rafi, M., Zhang, Z., & Khan, A. (2023). Determining the impact of technological modernization and management capabilities on user satisfaction and trust in library services. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication, 72(6/7), 593–611. https://doi.org/10.1108/GKMC-06-2021-0095

Knauer, T., Nikiforow, N., & Wagener, S. (2020). Determinants of information system quality and data quality in management accounting. Journal of Management Control, 31(1–2), 97–121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00187-020-00296-y

Kshirsagar, A., Mansour, T., McNally, L., & Metakis, M. (2020, March 17). Adapting workplace learning in the time of coronavirus. McKinsey & Company.

Lee, Y.-M., Jahnke, I., & Austin, L. (2021). Mobile microlearning design and effects on learning efficacy and learner experience. Educational Technology Research and Development, 69(2), 885–915. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09931-w

Mohammed, G. S., Wakil, K., & Nawroly, S. S. (2018). The effectiveness of microlearning to improve students’ learning ability. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 3(3), 32–38. https://doi.org/10.24331/ijere.415824

Monib, W. K., Qazi, A., Apong, R. A., Santos, J. H., & Mahmud, M. M. (2025). The MIND model: A microlearning AI-integrated instructional design for enhanced learning outcomes. Scientific Reports, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-24910-y

Moore, G. C., & Benbasat, I. (1991). Development of an instrument to measure the perceptions of adopting an information technology innovation. Information Systems Research, 2(3), 192–222. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23010883

Mutahar, A. M., Daud, N. M., Ramayah, T., Putit, L., & Isaac, O. (2017). Examining the effect of subjective norms and compatibility as external variables on TAM: Mobile banking acceptance in Yemen. Science International, 29(4), 769–776.

Nasoha, M. (2015). Pengaruh partisipasi pengguna terhadap kesuksesan suatu sistem informasi. Jurnal Organisasi dan Manajemen.

Nikou, S. A., & Economides, A. A. (2018). Mobile-based micro-learning and assessment: Impact on learning performance and motivation of high school students. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 34(3), 269–278. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12240

Ozturk, A. B., Bilgihan, A., Nusair, K., & Okumus, F. (2016). What keeps mobile hotel booking users loyal? Investigating the roles of self-efficacy, compatibility, perceived ease of use, and perceived convenience. International Journal of Information Management, 36(6), 1350–1359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2016.04.005

Pham, L., Limbu, Y. B., Bui, T. K., Nguyen, H. T., & Pham, H. T. (2019). Does e-learning service quality influence e-learning student satisfaction and loyalty? Evidence from Vietnam. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), Article 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0136-3

Puah, S., Bin Mohmad Khalid, M. I. S., Looi, C. K., & Khor, E. T. (2022). Investigating working adults’ intentions to participate in microlearning using the decomposed theory of planned behaviour. British Journal of Educational Technology, 53(2), 367–390. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13170

Rezvani, A., Dong, L., & Khosravi, P. (2017). Promoting the continuing usage of strategic information systems: The role of supervisory leadership in the successful implementation of enterprise systems. International Journal of Information Management, 37(5), 417–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2017.04.008

Rogers, E. M. (1995). Diffusion of innovations (4th ed.). Free Press.

Rouibah, K., Dihani, A., & Al-Qirim, N. (2020). Critical success factors affecting information system satisfaction in public sector organizations. Journal of Global Information Management, 28(3), 77–98. https://doi.org/10.4018/JGIM.2020070105

Samala, A. D., Bojic, L., Bekiroğlu, D., Watrianthos, R., & Hendriyani, Y. (2023). Microlearning: Transforming education with bite-sized learning on the go—Insights and applications. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM), 17(21), 4–24. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v17i21.42951

Sankaranarayanan, R., Leung, J., Abramenka-Lachheb, V., Seo, G., & Lachheb, A. (2023). Microlearning in diverse contexts: A bibliometric analysis. TechTrends, 67(2), 260–276. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-022-00794-x

Shail, M. S. (2019). Using micro-learning on mobile applications to increase knowledge retention and work performance: A review of literature. Cureus, 11(8), e5307. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.5307

Shatte, A. B. R., & Teague, S. J. (2020). Microlearning for improved student outcomes in higher education: A scoping review.

So, H.-J., Lee, H., & Roh, S.-Z. (2020). Examining the design of microlearning for Korean adult learners. Computer-Based Learning in Context, 2(1), 40–53.

Suryani, M., Santoso, H. B., Fathoni Aji, R., Hadi, S., & Schrepp, M. (2025). User interaction behavior analysis for cognitive load detection in online learning processes. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science (pp. 386–403). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-93221-2_25

Tam, C., & Oliveira, T. (2016). Understanding the impact of m-banking on individual performance: A DeLone and McLean and task–technology fit perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 233–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.016

Taylor, A., & Hung, W. (2022). The effects of microlearning: A scoping review. Educational Technology Research and Development, 70(2), 363–395. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-022-10084-1

Wallo, A., Reineholm, C., Öhman, H., & Lundqvist, D. (2025). Learning-oriented leadership in hybrid work. Journal of Workplace Learning, 37(9), 152–168. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWL-05-2025-0155

Widodo, D. M., Sutrisno, T., & Baridwan, Z. (2023a). Financial information system user satisfaction and its impact on organizational performance. International Journal of Business, Economics & Management, 6(2), 134–147. https://doi.org/10.21744/ijbem.v6n2.2137

Widodo, D. M., Sutrisno, T., & Baridwan, Z. (2023b). Financial information system user satisfaction and its impact on organizational performance. International Journal of Business, Economics & Management, 6(2), 134–147. https://doi.org/10.21744/ijbem.v6n2.2137

Williansyah, D., & Pusparini, E. S. (2024). Enhancing the usage of microlearning system in public sector. Eduvest – Journal of Universal Studies, 4(10), 9144–9159. https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v4i10.43132

Wilmer, H. H., Sherman, L. E., & Chein, J. (2017). Smartphones and cognition: A review of research exploring the links between mobile technology habits and cognitive functioning. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, Article 605. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00605

Xie, C., Wang, Y., & Cheng, Y. (2024). Does artificial intelligence satisfy you? A meta-analysis of user gratification and user satisfaction with AI-powered chatbots. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 40(3), 613–623. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2121458

Yıldız Durak, H. (2023). Conversational agent-based guidance: Examining the effect of chatbot usage frequency and satisfaction on visual design self-efficacy, engagement, satisfaction, and learner autonomy. Education and Information Technologies, 28(1), 471–488. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11149-7

Zhang, K. (2025). Teacher adoption of digital education management systems through combined information systems and social cognitive frameworks during the post-COVID era. Scientific Reports, 15(1), Article 16810. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01552-8