Analisis Spasial Tingkat Kerawanan Banjir Akibat Perubahan Tata Guna Lahan Di Kecamatan Klapanunggal, Kabupaten Bogor

Abstract

Klapanunggal District in Bogor Regency has experienced rapid development in the organizational and industrial sectors, which has driven changes in land use from agriculture to built-up areas. These changes reduce soil infiltration capacity and increase surface runoff, which is exacerbated by high rainfall and the dominance of gentle slopes, thus increasing the risk of flooding. This study aims to map the distribution of flood-prone areas, classify their vulnerability levels, and identify the dominant factors influencing these vulnerabilities. The analysis was conducted using a Geographic Information System-based approach with weighting and overlay methods for six main parameters: land use, slope gradient, elevation, soil type, rainfall, and river density. The data used included DEMNAS for topographic information as well as thematic spatial data and rainfall. The results show that the level of flood vulnerability in Klapanunggal District is divided into five classes: very low (12.04%), low (26.78%), moderate (24.84%), high (24.35%), and very high (12.00%). Areas with high to very high flood risk are located in Cikahuripan, Bojong, Kembangkuning, Bantarjati, and Lulut villages. Flood risk is significantly influenced by a combination of built-up land use, land topography, low elevation, high rainfall, and soil types with low infiltration capacity. These results have been validated with flood event data from the Regional Disaster Management Agency and indicate a good level of well-being. This research contributes to spatial flood risk mapping at a more detailed scale, which can be used as a basis for determining risk zones and controlling spatial use more precisely in regional planning.