Literature Review: Urban Poverty in a Sociological Perspective
Keywords: development policy; poverty; urban; functional-structural
Abstract
Poverty is a major problem that is a major concern for the government. The level of disparity in urban and rural poverty is very high, however poverty in urban areas remains a national poverty alleviation challenge. This writing aims to describe the phenomenon of poverty in urban areas based on a structural-functional perspective. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach. Data collection was carried out through secondary data sourced from books, journals, the internet, official documents related to poverty and structural-functional theory. The findings in this paper are that poverty in urban areas has prevented children from receiving quality education, facing difficulties in financing health care, and limited fulfillment of their needs for food, clothing and shelter. Poverty alleviation efforts must be based on the determination of the appropriate poverty line and a clear understanding (definition of poverty in local parameters) regarding the causes of the problem. The recommendations/implications of these findings are expected to contribute findings/ideas to studies of urban development in Indonesia, especially sociological studies of poverty. In addition, recommendations for regional government intervention in formulating development policies that are more pro-poor in urban areas.
References
Ariyanto, K. (2022). Intervensi Pemerintah Desa dalam Program Pembangunan Pertanian: Suatu Pendekatan Ekonomi Politik di Konteks UU Desa 2014. JIAPI: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Dan Pemerintahan Indonesia, 3(2), 164–180. https://doi.org/10.33830/jiapi.v3i2.108
Ashley, C. & Carney, D. (1999).Sustainable Livelihoods: Lessons from Early Experience. London: DFID.
BadanPusatStatistik. (2022). PersentasePendudukMiskinMaret 2022 TurunMenjadi 9,54Persen. Jakarta: BPS.
Bappenas. (2018). Analisis Wilayah dengan Kemiskinan Tinggi. Jakarta: Kementrian PPN/Bappenas.
Castro, J.E. (2007). Poverty and citizenship: Sociological perspectives on water services and public–private participation. Geoforum, 38(5), 756-771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2005.12.006
Chevo, T. (2022). Kinship Relations and Urban Poverty. A Case Study of Budiriro in Harare, Zimbabwe. African Perspectives on Poverty, Indigenous Knowledge Systems, and Innovation. 97–108
Gibson, J. (2015). Poverty measurement: We know less than policy makers realize. Working paper in economics 8/15. Hamilton: University of Waikato.
Guo, Y., He,A.J. & Wang, F. (2021). Local Policy Discretion in Social Welfare: Explaining Subnational Variations in China's De Facto Urban Poverty Line. Cambridge University Press.
Haug, R. (1999). From Integrated Development to Sustainable Livelihoods: What is the Role of Food and Agriculture?.Forum for Development Studies, 2, 181–201. DOI: 10.1080/08039410.1999.9666109
Hosgorur, T., Kizir, M., Sezer, S. Korkut, P., Kahya, O., Karaca Evren, M. Yildirim, K. Yesil, E., & Hosgorur, V. (2023). Reflections of urban poverty on education from the perspectives of school administrators. Journal of Qualitative Research in Education, 33, 46-70. doi: 10.14689/enad.33.1661
Jamaludin, A.N. (2017). Sosiologi Perkotaan: Memahami Masyarakat Kota dan Problematikanya. Bandung: CV Pustaka Setia .
Kartono, D.T. (2020). Sosiologi Perkotaan. Tangerang Selatan:Universitas Terbuka.
Katadata. (2020). Jumlah Penduduk Miskin di Indonesia Melejit Lagi.https://katadata.co.id/amp/ariayudhistira/infografik/5f1129d47c029/jumlahpenduduk-miskin-di-indonesia-melejit-lagi
Kronauer, M. (1998). ‘Social exclusion’ and ‘underclass’ - new concepts for the analysis of poverty. Empirical Poverty Research in a Comparative Perspective. Imprint: Routledge.
Levine, J.R. (2017). Urban politics and the study of urban poverty: Promising developments and future directions. Sociology Compass, 12538. https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12538
Lucci, P., Bhatkal, T. & Khan, A. (2018). Are we underestimating urban poverty? World Development, 108, 297-310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.10.022
Marwell, N.P & Morrissey, S.L. (2020). Organizations and the Governance of Urban Poverty. Annual Review of Sociology, 46, 233-250. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-121919-054708
Nadvi, K. & Barrientos, S. (2004). Industrial Clusters and Poverty Alleviation: Mapping Links and Developing a Methodology for Poverty and Social Impact Assessment of Cluster Development Initiatives. Working Paper, United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Vienna, Austria.
Niu, K. & Xu, H. (2023). Urban–rural Integration and Poverty: Different Roles of Urban–rural Integration in Reducing Rural and Urban Poverty in China. Social Indicators Research, 165, 737–757.
Rosana, E. (2019). Kemiskinan dalam Perspektif Struktural Fungsional. Al-Adyan, 14(1), 19-34. https://doi.org/10.24042/ajsla.v14i1.4483
Salim, E. (1984). Perencanaan Pembangunan dan Pemerataan Pendapatan. Jakarta: Inti Idayu Press.
Satterthwaite, D. & Tacoli, C. (2002). Seeking an Understanding of Poverty that Recognizes Rural– Urban Differences and Rural–Urban Linkages. Urban Livelihoods. Imprint: Routledge.
Smeeding, T.M. (2002). Sociology of Poverty. LIS Working Paper. Series, No. 315. Luxembourg: Luxembourg Income Study (LIS).
Sofo, F. & Wicks, A. (2017). An occupational perspective of poverty and poverty reduction. Journal of Occupational Science, 24(2), 244-249. https://doi.org/10.1080/14427591.2017.1314223
Suparlan, P. (2004). Kemiskinan di Perkotaan. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor.
Setiadi, E.M. & Kolip, M. (2011). Pengantar Sosiologi. Jakarta: Kencana.
Suharto, E. (2009). Pekerja Sosial dan Kesejahteraan Sosial. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Sukmana, O. (2005). Sosiologi dan Politik Ekonomi. Malang: Universitas Muhammadiyah.
Suyanto, B. (2018). Kemiskinan, Konflik, dan Ekses Pembangunan.Yogyakarta: Suluh Media.
Walker, R., Kyomuhendo, G.B., Chase, E., Choudhry, S., Gubrium, E.K., JO Nicola, J.Y., Lodemel, I., Mathew, L., Mwniine, A., Pellissery, S. & Ming. Y. (2013). Poverty in Global Perspective: Is Shame a Common Denominator? Journal of Social Policy, 42(2), 215-233. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047279412000979
Wardaya, S. & Suprapti, A. (2018). Kemiskinan dalam Perspektif Sosiologi. JSW: Jurnal Sosiologi Walisongo, 2(1), 71-82. DOI: 10.21580/jsw.2018.2.1.3121
Wilson, E.J., Jayanthakumaran, K. & Verma, R. (2022). Urban poverty, growth, and inequality: A needed paradigm shift? 26(2), 941-961. https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12866
Wolf, J.P. (2008). Sociological Theories of Poverty in Urban America. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 16, 41-56. https://doi.org/10.1300/J137v16n01_04
Copyright (c) 2023 Komang Ariyanto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.