The impact of Information and Communication Technologies on financial inclusion in South Africa: The role of institutional quality.
ICT and Financial Inclusion in South Africa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33830/jfba.v6i2.14569.2026Keywords:
Financial Inclusion, Information and Communication Technology, Institutional quality, Interaction term, ARDL, South AfricaAbstract
While financial inclusion is broadly recognised as a primary engine of development and poverty reduction. The factors that determine it are under-researched. This creates a gap, particularly concerning the effect of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on financial inclusion. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to examine this linkage using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method in South Africa between 2000 and 2022. Furthermore, the paper examines the moderating effect of institutional quality on the financial inclusion-ICT nexus. The empirical findings indicate that ICT development enhances financial inclusion. At the same time, institutional quality has a direct negative impact on financial inclusion. However, the findings indicate that institutional quality enhances the positive effect of ITC on financial inclusion. The empirical results also indicate that income inequality in South Africa is a financial inclusion-reducing factor, while per capita income and education are financial inclusion-promoting factors. This calls for the South African government to revamp its digital technology infrastructure and strengthen institutional quality to improve financial inclusion in the country. Again, the South African government and policymakers should consider equal income distribution when addressing financial inclusion policies. The study concludes with policy recommendations on ICT-financial inclusion initiatives in South Africa.
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