Analysis of B2B Commerce Platform Adoption Model Using Technology Organization Environment Framework on Medbiz
Keywords: B2B commerce, Pharmaceutical, Supply chain, TOE framework, Technology adoption
Abstract
Purpose –This study investigates the factors influencing customers' decisions to adopt the Medbiz Pharmaceutical B2B Commerce platform as an enabler in the pharma integrated supply chain. It uses technology, organization, environment (TOE) as its framework. The factors examined include relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, IT readiness, top management support, competitive pressure, business partner pressure, and external support. The findings are expected to provide insights for Medbiz stakeholders to develop strategies that enhance user acceptance and adoption of the platform.
Methodology – A quantitative approach was employed to identify the critical drivers of Medbiz adoption. A cross-sectional survey of 372 respondents, consisting of pharmaceutical outlet representatives, was conducted using random sampling. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire based on a 4-point Likert scale.
Findings – The result shows that relative advantage, compatibility, competitive pressure and external support have a positive, significant impact on Medbiz adoption, while complexity has a negative, significant effect. Conversely, IT readiness, top management support, and business partner pressure show negative, insignificant effects, leading to hypothesis rejection.
Originality – Studies related to the pharma B2B commerce adoption model in organizations are very limited, especially in Indonesia.
Downloads
References
Almunawar, M. N., Auzzali, A., Oseli, N. H., & Ariff, W. Z. A. M. Z. (2022). E-commerce adoption among micro, small, and medium enterprises in Brunei Darussalam. International Journal of E-Business Research, 18(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJEBR.293297
Al-Qirim, N. (2007). The adoption of e-commerce communications and applications technologies in small businesses in New Zealand. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 6(4), 462–473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2007.02.012
Alsaad, A., Mohamad, R., & Ismail, N. A. (2017). The moderating role of trust in business to business electronic commerce (B2B EC) adoption. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 157–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.040
Andi, D. (2023). Bio Farma rilis aplikasi digital untuk perkuat distribusi obat dan alat kesehatan (Y. Winarto, Ed.). https://industri.kontan.co.id/news/bio-farma-rilis-aplikasi-digital-untuk-perkuat-distribusi-obat-dan-alat-kesehatan
Ayawei, M. J., Raborife, M., & Maduku, D. K. (2023). Assessing the factors underlying the adoption of e-commerce among B2B SMEs. Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations, 21(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.4018/JECO.333612
bin Illyas Tan, M. I., & bt Ibrahim, I. S. (2010). Supply chain management and e-commerce technology adoption among logistics service providers in Malaysia. International Journal of Economics and Management Engineering, 4(5), 497–502.
Chatra, M. A. (2023). Manajemen rantai pasok. PT Sonpedia Penerbit Indonesia.
Cheng, W., & Yue, C. (2006). Utilizing e-logistics: Case studies in Sweden and China. [Tidak ada informasi penerbit atau DOI]
Chwelos, P., Benbasat, I., & Dexter, A. S. (2001). Research report: Empirical test of an EDI adoption model. Information Systems Research, 12(3), 304–321. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.12.3.304.9708
Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. (2014). Business research methods (12th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Fagasta, T. A., Wicaksono, W., & Arifin, W. R. (2017). Sistem informasi penjualan dan pembelian obat pada Apotek Nabila Care Bekasi. Jurnal Mahasiswa Bina Insani, 1–12. https://ejournal-binainsani.ac.id/index.php/JMBI/article/view/625
Freddy. (2022, April 5). The rise of B2B e-commerce marketplace in Asia. https://www.cadvisory.co/post/the-rise-of-b2b-ecommerce-marketplace-in-asia
Gavin, R., Harrison, L., Plotkin, C. L., Spillecke, D., & Stanley, J. (2020). The B2B digital inflection point: How sales have changed during COVID-19.
Ghobakhloo, M., Arias‐Aranda, D., & Benitez‐Amado, J. (2011). Adoption of e‐commerce applications in SMEs. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 111(8), 1238–1269. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635571111170785
Ghozali, I., & Latan, H. (2015). Partial least squares: Konsep, teknik dan aplikasi menggunakan program SmartPLS 3.0 untuk penelitian empiris. Badan Penerbit UNDIP.
Gong, W., & Kan, X. (2013). Logistic service development of e-commerce: A case study of AliExpress—An online international trade platform in China.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=0R9ZswEACAAJ
Hamad, H., Elbeltagi, I., & El‐Gohary, H. (2018). An empirical investigation of business‐to‐business e‐commerce adoption and its impact on SMEs' competitive advantage: The case of Egyptian manufacturing SMEs. Strategic Change, 27(3), 209–229. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsc.2196
Hamid, R. S., & Anwar, S. M. (2019). Structural equation modeling (SEM) berbasis varian: Konsep dasar dan aplikasi dengan program SmartPLS 3.2.8 dalam riset bisnis. PT Inkubator Penulis Indonesia.
Hertanto, E. (2017). Perbedaan skala Likert lima skala dengan modifikasi skala Likert empat skala. Metodologi Penelitian, 2(2–3).
Hussain, A., Shahzad, A., & Hassan, R. (2020). Organizational and environmental factors with the mediating role of e-commerce and SME performance. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(4), 196. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040196
Iacovou, C. L., Benbasat, I., & Dexter, A. S. (1995). Electronic data interchange and small organizations: Adoption and impact of technology. MIS Quarterly, 465–485.
IGM. (2023, April 4). Medbiz: Marketplace B2B khusus farmasi dan alkes. https://igm.co.id/artikel/2023/04/04/medbiz/
Ito, A., & Ylipaa, T. (2021). Dealing with resistance to the use of Industry 4.0 technologies in production disturbance management. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 285–303.
Li, J. C. F. (2020). Roles of individual perception in technology adoption at organization level: Behavioral model versus TOE framework. Journal of System and Management Sciences, 10(3), 97–118.
Liang, H., Saraf, N., Hu, Q., & Xue, Y. (2007). Assimilation of enterprise systems: The effect of institutional pressures and the mediating role of top management. MIS Quarterly, 59–87.
Lip-Sam, T., & Hock-Eam, L. (2011). Estimating the determinants of B2B e-commerce adoption among small & medium enterprises. International Journal of Business & Society, 12(1).
Ma, J.-Y., Shi, L., & Kang, T.-W. (2023). The effect of digital transformation on the pharmaceutical sustainable supply chain performance: The mediating role of information sharing and traceability using structural equation modeling. Sustainability, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010649
Malone, H., Nicholl, H., & Tracey, C. (2014). Awareness and minimisation of systematic bias in research. British Journal of Nursing, 23(5), 279–282.
Marei, A., Mustafa, J. A., Othman, M., Daoud, L., Lutfi, A., & Al-Amarneh, A. (2023). The moderation of organizational readiness on the relationship between TOE factors and fintech adoption and financial performance. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i3.730
Maroufkhani, P., Tseng, M.-L., Iranmanesh, M., Ismail, W. K. W., & Khalid, H. (2020). Big data analytics adoption: Determinants and performances among small to medium-sized enterprises. International Journal of Information Management, 54, 102190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102190
Martadikusumah, T. A. A., & Indirawati. (2023). Digital marketing implementation by culinary micro small medium enterprises during COVID-19 (An Indonesia case). Quality-Access to Success, 25(198). https://doi.org/10.47750/qas/25.198.25
Mohtaramzadeh, M., Ramayah, T., & Jun-Hwa, C. (2018). B2B e-commerce adoption in Iranian manufacturing companies: Analyzing the moderating role of organizational culture. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 34(7), 621–639. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2017.1385212
Molla, A., & Licker, P. S. (2005). E-commerce adoption in developing countries: A model and instrument. Information and Management, 42(6), 877–899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2004.09.002
Nguyen, T. H., Le, X. C., & Vu, T. H. L. (2022). An extended Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework for online retailing utilization in digital transformation: Empirical evidence from Vietnam. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(4), 200. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8040200
Noviaristanti, S., & Huda, Y. M. (2022). Factor affecting e-marketplace adoption on MSMEs in Bandung, Indonesia. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management (pp. 2361–2372).
Ocloo, C. E., Xuhua, H., Akaba, S., Shi, J., & Worwui-Brown, D. K. (2020). The determinant factors of business to business (B2B) e-commerce adoption in small- and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises. Journal of Global Information Technology Management, 191–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/1097198X.2020.1792229
Oliveira, T., & Martins, M. F. (2010). Understanding e‐business adoption across industries in European countries. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 110(9), 1337–1354. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635571011087428
Parasuraman, A., & Colby, C. L. (2015). An updated and streamlined technology readiness index: TRI 2.0. Journal of Service Research, 18(1), 59–74.
Rahayu, R., & Day, J. (2015). Determinant factors of e-commerce adoption by SMEs in developing country: Evidence from Indonesia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 142–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.423
Rogers, E. M. (1995). Diffusion of innovations (4th ed.). Free Press.
Salimon, M. G., Kareem, O., Mokhtar, S. S. M., Aliyu, O. A., Bamgbade, J. A., & Adeleke, A. Q. (2023). Malaysian SMEs m-commerce adoption: TAM 3, UTAUT 2 and TOE approach. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 14(1), 98–126. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-06-2019-0060
Sila, I. (2013). Factors affecting the adoption of B2B e-commerce technologies. Electronic Commerce Research, 13(2), 199–236. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10660-013-9110-7
Sudrajad, A. I., Tricahyono, D., Al-Amin, Zuwardi, Yulianti, E. B., Irnayenti, Ahmad, & Rosmawati, W. (2023). The role of digitalization performance on digital business strategy in Indonesia MSEMs. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(6), e02260. https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i6.2260
Sugiyono, D. (2013). Metode penelitian pendidikan: Pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Sutrisman, J., & Pangaribuan, A. (2022). Laporan kinerja proyek (Feasibility Study) Smart Sales & Distribution System (Smart PBF). Unpublished report.
Tornatzky, L. G., Fleischer, M., & Chakrabarti, A. K. (1990). The processes of technological innovation. Lexington Books.
Upadhyaya, P., Mohan, P., & Karantha, M. P. (2017). Determinants of B2B e-marketplace adoption: An empirical study of Indian small firms. International Journal of E-Business Research, 13(4), 55–69. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJEBR.2017100104
Van Huy, L., Rowe, F., Truex, D., & Huynh, M. Q. (2012). An empirical study of determinants of e-commerce adoption in SMEs in Vietnam. Journal of Global Information Management, 20(3), 23–54. https://doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2012070102
Wahyuningtyas, R., Disastra, G., & Rismayani, R. (2023). Toward cooperative competitiveness for community development in Economic Society 5.0. Journal of Enterprising Communities, 17(3), 594–620. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-10-2021-0149
Walker, J. H., Saffu, K., & Mazurek, M. (2016). An empirical study of factors influencing e-commerce adoption/non-adoption in Slovakian SMEs. Journal of Internet Commerce, 15(3), 189–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332861.2016.1191049
Zheng, D., Chen, J., Huang, L., & Zhang, C. (2013). E-government adoption in public administration organizations: Integrating institutional theory perspective and resource-based view. European Journal of Information Systems, 22(2), 221–234. https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2012.28
Zhu, K., & Kraemer, K. L. (2005). Post-adoption variations in usage and value of e-business by organizations: Cross-country evidence from the retail industry. Information Systems Research, 16(1), 61–84. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.1050.0045
Copyright (c) 2025 Abdul Ghany Lukman Nugraha, Siska Noviaristanti

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.