Struktur Komunitas Serangga pada Persawahan Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Berdasarkan Fase Pertumbuhan Tanaman di Desa Tamanbaru, Kota Cilegon, Banten, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33830/manilkara.v4i2.11164.2026Keywords:
dominansi, keanekaragaman, kelimpahan, kekayaanAbstract
Perbedaan fase pertumbuhan tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) berimplikasi pada perubahan kondisi habitat dan ketersediaan sumber daya di ekosistem persawahan, sehingga berpotensi memengaruhi struktur komunitas serangga. Meskipun demikian, kajian mengenai variasi kekayaan, kelimpahan, dan keanekaragaman spesies serangga antara fase vegetatif dan generatif pada tingkat lokal masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan keanekaragaman, dominansi, kekayaan, serta kelimpahan spesies serangga pada fase vegetatif dan generatif tanaman padi di lahan persawahan Desa Tamanbaru, Kota Cilegon, Provinsi Banten. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif-komparatif dalam konteks ekologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai indeks keanekaragaman pada fase vegetatif (H’ = 2,35) lebih tinggi dibandingkan fase generatif (H’ = 2,09). Tingginya indeks keanekaragaman pada fase vegetatif sejalan dengan jumlah individu yang lebih besar, yaitu 833 individu, dibandingkan 538 individu pada fase generatif, serta didukung oleh nilai indeks dominansi yang lebih tinggi (D = 0,89) dibandingkan fase generatif (D = 0,80). Sebaliknya, nilai rata-rata indeks kelimpahan menunjukkan kecenderungan yang berbeda, di mana fase vegetatif memiliki kelimpahan yang lebih rendah (7,14 individu/m²) dibandingkan fase generatif (9,09 individu/m²). Disimpulkan bahwa, fase vegetatif tanaman padi dicirikan oleh komunitas serangga yang lebih beragam dan kompleks, sedangkan fase generatif memiliki keanekaragaman yang lebih rendah namun ditandai oleh kelimpahan individu yang lebih tinggi akibat dominansi beberapa spesies tertentu.
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