Author Guidelines

General Requirements

The minimum standard requirements of Qualéum Journal of Business and Management (QJBM) are as follows:
a. Manuscripts must be written in English (Book Antiqua).
b. The length of the submitted paper is a minimum of 8–12 pages (based on the journal template).
c. The article must include an abstract in English (200–250 words) followed by 3–5 keywords.
d. Authors are strongly encouraged to use reference management tools such as Zotero, Mendeley, or EndNote.
e. Citations must use in-text citation style, and references must follow APA 7th Edition.
f. Manuscripts must strictly follow the official QJBM article template.

Structure of the Manuscript

The manuscript must be prepared following this structure:

a. Title

The title should clearly describe the research focus, method/model, and objective. Avoid acronyms or abbreviations.

b. Abstract

The abstract must contain 200–250 words and be written in a single paragraph without citations.
It should include:
  • Research background or gap
  • Objective of the study
  • Methodology
  • Key findings
  • Research contribution or implication
Provide 3–5 keywords after the abstract.

c. Section Structure

Authors must structure the manuscript into the following sections:
Introduction – Method – Results – Discussion – Conclusion – References

1. Introduction

The introduction should present:
  • Research background and significance
  • Relevant literature review
  • Research gap and novelty
  • Differences from previous studies
  • Research objectives or questions
The introduction should clearly demonstrate the study's scientific contribution and originality.

2. Method

This section should describe:
  • Research design
  • Population/sample/participants
  • Data collection techniques
  • Variable measurements
  • Data analysis methods
The method must be written clearly and allow the study to be replicated.

3. Results

Results should present the main findings clearly and systematically.
Key points:
  • Focus on scientific findings.
  • Use tables and figures when necessary.
  • Tables must be numbered sequentially with titles above.
  • Figures must include captions below.
Results should directly answer the research questions or hypotheses.

4. Discussion

The discussion should interpret the findings rather than repeat them.
Authors should:
  • Explain the meaning of the findings.
  • Compare with previous studies.
  • Highlight similarities or differences.
  • Provide theoretical and practical implications.
This section should demonstrate the contribution of the study to the existing body of knowledge.

5. Conclusion

The conclusion should:
  • Answer the research objectives.
  • Highlight key contributions
  • Explain how the study advances the field.
  • Provide implications and recommendations.
  • Suggest future research directions.
Avoid repeating the abstract or listing results only.

6. References

References must:
  • Use APA 7th Edition
  • Be arranged alphabetically
  • Include DOI when available.
  • Prioritize recent sources (last 5 years)
  • Minimum 80% from journal articles
All cited sources must appear in the reference list and vice versa.