MAPPING THE SPATIAL EFFECTS OF POVERTY IN ALL DISTRICTS IN INDONESIA

Sarah Hasibuan; Mutia Harum  Hasibuan

doi:10.33830/Reksabumi.v1i1.2058.2022

Sarah Hasibuan Komite Pemantauan Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah
Mutia Harum Hasibuan Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Negeri Medan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33830/Reksabumi.v1i1.2058.2022

Keywords:

Moran Index, mapping cluster, poverty, spatial autocorrelation

Abstract

Poverty is one of the obstacles to the difficulty of the country development. Poverty causes a
decrease of human resources quality, inability to access education, health, good nutrition which
results in productivity degradation. The purpose of this study are to analyze the pattern of spatial
poverty all regencies in Indonesia using the Moran’s Index and looks at the local spatial distribution
of poverty using the Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) approach. This study uses the
data period in 2019. The results of this study show that pockets of poverty in Indonesia are mostly
located in the provinces of Papua, West Papua and East Nusa Tenggara. The regencies with the
lowest poverty are found in the regencies of Bali and South Kalimantan Provinces. Moran's Test
showed a positive autocorrelation of 0.474259 which indicates a general spatial autocorrelation
across all regency in Indonesia with a clusted pattern. The LISA test showed poverty level of the
population was clustered into four groups, namely: 50 regencies that were in the high poverty
regencies surrounded by high poverty (high-high), 69 regencies in low poverty criteria surrounded
by low poverty regencies (low-low), 12 regencies in the low poverty, surrounded by high poverty
(low-high) and 5 high poverty regencies surrounded by low poverty (high-low). Thus, this study
proves that poverty reduction must be based on the uniqueness and characteristics of each region.

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