A Critical Review of Land Digitalization Policy
The Legality and Validity of Electronic Land Certificates
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33830/humaya.v6i1.13757Keywords:
land digitalization, electronic land certificate, legality, validity, legal protectionAbstract
Digital transformation in the land sector through the implementation of electronic land certificates is part of the Ministry of ATR/BPN's efforts to modernize public services. This policy is regulated in the “Minister of ATR/BPN No. 1 of 2021”, which aims to improve efficiency, data security, and transparency in land administration. However, this digitization has raised debates about the legality of its legal basis and the validity of electronic certificates as evidence of ownership of land rights in the Indonesian legal system. This research aims to critically examine the legal basis of land digitization policies, assess the validity of electronic certificates compared to physical certificates, and identify forms of legal protection for land rights holders. The research method used is normative juridical with a legislative approach. The results of the study show that normatively, the land digitization policy has a strong legal basis through the “Minister of ATR/BPN No. 1 of 2021” and the “ITE Law”, which recognizes the validity of electronic documents as legal evidence. However, in implementation, there are still obstacles such as regulatory synchronization between regulations, limited digital infrastructure, cybersecurity risks, and low public literacy of electronic systems.
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