The Impacts of Free Nutritional Meals (FNM) on the Holistic Development of Elementary School Students in Indonesia: A Library Research
Keywords: Elementary School, Elementary Students, Free Nutritious Meal (FNM), Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG), Holistic Development
Abstract
This study examines the impacts of the Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) or Free Nutritious Meal (FNM) program on the holistic development of elementary school children in Indonesia using a library research approach. The findings show that the program provides balanced meals to students in underdeveloped and low-resource areas, contributing significantly to their physical, cognitive, psychological, social, and academic development. Nutritionally balanced meals improve physical performance, growth, and overall health while reducing malnutrition, stunting, underweight prevalence, and anemia. The program enhances students’ concentration, memory, and problem-solving skills, which leads to improved academic achievement and learning outcomes. In addition, the program increases student motivation, school attendance, engagement, and happiness, creating a more supportive and positive school environment. It fosters awareness of healthy eating habits and promotes long-term balanced dietary practices. Psychologically, the program helps reduce stress and anxiety while strengthening students’ self-esteem and emotional well-being. Socially, it encourages peer interaction, discipline, and positive routines. Beyond individual benefits, the program provides economic and community advantages by reducing family financial burdens and supporting local food suppliers. It also contributes to long-term human resource development by sustaining students’ learning interest, motivation, and discipline. Despite these positive impacts, the program still faces several implementation challenges that require further attention.
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