The Development of a Competency-based PLC Learning Module for TVET Education in Malaysian Polytechnics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33830/ijrse.v8i1-1.14674Keywords:
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC), learning module, interactive learning, teaching aid, ADDIE modelAbstract
The increasing significance of Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) in modern automation highlights the need for a structured and standardized learning module in Malaysia’s polytechnics. Despite the growing demand for PLC expertise, there is no dedicated module that integrates both theoretical concepts and hands-on practical applications in the Programmable Logic Controller & Automation course in the Malaysia Polytechnic program. This conceptual paper proposes the development of a PLC module tailored to the course syllabus, designed to enhance student understanding, engagement, and technical competency. The module will incorporate structured theoretical content, guided practical worksheets, and interactive learning strategies to support both instructor-led and independent learning. To ensure that the PLC learning module materials were developed with high reliability and quality, systematic planning using the ADDIE model is used for the design and development process. Emphasis is placed on enhancing students’ understanding of PLC programming and fostering self-learning, as well as serving as a reliable teaching aid for polytechnic lecturers. Currently, the module is still in the design phase of the ADDIE model where the module is being developed based on the result of the preliminary study. This study is expected to contribute to the advancement of PLC education by addressing the gap in structured learning materials and supporting Malaysia’s technical and vocational education sector in preparing industry-ready graduates.
References
Alwi, A (2019). Kesan Modul Kemahiran Hijau Dalam Reka Bentul dan Teknologi Terhadap Pencapaian Pengetahuan Murid Tahun Lima di Sekolah Rendah (Phd thesis). Tanjong Malim: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.
Anista, E., Ariyani, F., Samhati, S., & Suyanto, E. (2022). The Development of Learning Module Based on Problem Based Learning Observation Result for Class X High School Students. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 9(8), 243-255. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v9i8.3978
Baker, C. (2017). Quantitative Research Designs: Experimental, Quasi-Experimental, And Descriptive. Evidence-Based Practice: An Integrative Approach to Research, Administration, And Practice. Jones and Bartlett Learning. 155-183.4
Bolton, W. (2015). Programmable Logic Controllers (6th ed.). Newnes
Bouhamadi, A., Adekanle, O. S., Aboulfatah, M., & El, M. (2021). Implementation of a PLC Teaching Laboratory for Higher Institute of Energy Professions (ISME) of Nouakchott.
Boyman, S. N., Jamal, M. B., Razali, N. A., & Abdul Aziz, M. S. (2020). ADDIE Model Design Process for 21st Century Teaching and Facilitation Activities (PDPC) In Nationhood Studies Module. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(9).
British Educational Research Association [BERA]. (2024). Ethical Guidelines for Educational Research (5th ed.). https://www.bera.ac.uk/publication/ethical-guidelines-for-educational-research-fifth-edition-2024-online
Chávez, J. G. M., & Díaz, L. C. E. C. (2019, March). Work in Progress: Design and implementation of a didactic module with manual interface, PLC interface and PC serial interface for teaching process control techniques. In 2019 IEEE World Conference on Engineering Education (EDUNINE), 1-4.
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approach (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications Inc.
Difinubun, F. A., Makmuri, M., & Hidayat, F. A. (2024). Preliminary Study on The Development of Project-Based Learning Module to Improve Students' Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability. Mathline: Jurnal Matematika Dan Pendidikan Matematika, 9(2), 605-628. DOI: 10.31943/mathline.v9i2.638
Devkota, R., Dahlke, S., Fox, M., Davidson, S., Hunter, K., Butler, J., Shrestha, S., Chasteen, A., Moody, E., Martin, L. & Pietrosanu, M. (2023). E-learning modules to enhance student nurses’ perceptions of older people: a single group pre-post quasi-experimental study. International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship, 20(1), 20230059. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijnes-2023-0059
Dewi, P. Y., & Primayana, K. H. (2019). Effect of Learning Module with Setting Contextual Teaching and Learning to Increase the Understanding of Concepts. International Journal of Education and Learning, 1(1), 19-26.
Dick, W., & Carey, L. (1996). The Systematic Design of Instruction (4th ed.). New York: Dick, W., Carey, L., & Carey, J. O. (2005). The systematic design of instruction. Boston, Massachusetts: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon. Harper Collins College Publishers
Habibi, C., & Fieschko, D. (2020, June). PLC Training in a First-year Electrical Engineering Program. In 2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access.
Hamid, M. A., Permata, E., Aribowo, D., Darmawan, I. A., Nurtanto, M., & Laraswati, S. (2020). Development of Cooperative Learning Based Electric Circuit Kit Trainer For Basic Electrical And Electronics Practice. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1456(1), pp. 012047.
Hair, J. F. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
Jabatan Pendidikan Politeknik dan Kolej Komuniti [JPPKK]. (2018). Pelan Strategik Politeknik dan Kolej Komuniti 2018-2025. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia
Jabatan Pendidikan Politeknik dan Kolej Komuniti [JPPKK]. (2019, June). DEJ40033 Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and Automation Course Information. Politeknik Malaysia
Jalil, N. A. A., Madar, A. R., & Kassim, N. I. (2020). ADDIE Model Application for Development of Teaching Material Based on Flipped Learning for Lecturer's in Polytechnic. Journal of Social Transformation and Regional Development, 2(3), 156-165.
Jamil, M., Sepikun, M., & Muhammad, M. (2021). Kesediaan Pelajar Diploma Kejuruteraan Elektronik (Komputer) Mengaplikasikan Kemahiran Teknikal Bagi Menghadapi Cabaran Kerjaya dalam Internet of Things (IoT): Readiness of Electronic Engineering (Computer) Diploma Students in Applying Technical Skills to Face Career Challenges in Internet of Things (IoT). Online Journal for TVET Practitioners, 6(1), 45-58.
Khairuddin, A. R. M., Aziz, N. A. S., Azlan, M. A. F. M., Karim, M. H. A., & Zian, N. M. (2019, December). Design of Portable Industrial Automation Education Training Kit Compatible for IR 4.0. In 2019 IEEE 7th Conference on Systems, Process and Control (ICSPC) (pp. 38-42). IEEE.
Kim, J. S., Gu, M. O., & Chang, H. (2019). Effects Of an Evidence-Based Practice Education Program Using Multifaceted Interventions: A Quasi-Experimental Study with Undergraduate Nursing Students. BMC Medical Education, 19, 1-10.
Kulvietiene, R., Sileikiene, I. (2006). The Blended Learning Design and Delivery Method, WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications, 12(3), 2360-2366.
Kurniawan, W. D., Soeryanto, S., Adiwibowo, P. H., & Arsana, I. M. (2022, December). Development of PLC Festo Module to Support Mechatronics Course in Department of Mechanical Engineering Unesa. In Proceeding Series of International Conference on Arts and Humanities (Vol. 2).
Noor, N. I. M., & Nasir, N. N. M. (2020). Traffic Light Control System by Using Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Technology and Image Processing. Journal of Electrical Power and Electronic Systems, 2(2).
Patodiya, D., & Singh, A. P. (2018). A Review on PLC and Its Application on Smart Traffic Control. IRE Journals. Volume 1 Issue 9, 91-95
Pratama, H., Azman, M. N. A., Zakaria, N. A., & Khairudin, M. (2021). Development of Programmable Logic Controller Teaching Aids on Electrical Motor Installation Course Among Vocational School Students in Aceh, Indonesia. In Challenges of science (pp. 117-127).
Ramadhan, M. A., & Murtinugraha, R. E. (2020). The Development Of E-Module on Subject of Statistics in Study Program Civil Engineering Education, Universitas Negeri Jakarta. BALANGA: Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan, 8(2), 70-74.
Rusimamto, P. W., Munoto, M., Samani, M., Buditjahjanto, I. G. A., Endryansyah, E., & Haryudo, S. I. (2021). Training Kit and Module on PLC Programming Competence for Students of Electrical Engineering Education. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan, 6(12), 1963-1974.
Rusell, J. D. (1974). Modular Instruction: A Guide to the Design, Selection, Utilisation and Evaluation of Modular Materlials. New York: Burgess Publishing Company.
Samsudin, M. R., Sulaiman, R., Guan, T. T., Yusof, A. M., & Yaacob, M. F. C. (2021). Mobile Application Development Trough ADDIE Model. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 10(2), 1017-1027.
Sidek, M. N., & Jamaludin, A. (2005). Pembinaan Modul: Bagaimana Membina Modul Latihan dan Modul Akademik. Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Silaban, R. A., & Rizal, F. (2020). The Development of Program Logic Control (PLC) Trainer Media in Vocational High Schools. Journal of Education Research and Evaluation, 4(2), 121-132.
Wang, L., Liu, Y., Wang, Q., Wang, J., & Yang, Z. (2020). PLC Course Teaching Method Based on OBE Teaching Concept. Advances in Educational Technology and Psychology, 4(1), 101-109.
Wang, L., Liu, Y., Wang, Q., Wang, J., & Yang, Z. (2020). PLC Course Teaching Method Based on OBE Teaching Concept. Advances in Educational Technology and Psychology, 4(1), 101-109.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurul Azimah Ahmad Arzaai, Irdayanti Mat Nashir

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Content Licensing, Copyright, and Permissions
1. License
International Journal of Research in STEM Education has CC-BY NC or an equivalent license as the optimal license for the publication, distribution, use, and reuse of scholarly work for non-commercial purposes. The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Creative Commons License
2. Author’s Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by the stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
3. User Rights
The International Journal of Research in STEM Education's objective is to disseminate articles published as free as possible. Under the Creative Commons license, this journal permits users to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work for non-commercial purposes only. Users will also need to attribute authors and this journal on distributing works in the journal.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:
Copyright, and proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
The right to use the substance of the article in future own works, including lectures and books, The right to reproduce the article for own purposes, The right to self-archive the article, the right to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the article's published version (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal (International Journal of Research in STEM Education).
The author has a non-exclusive publishing contract with a publisher, and the work is published with a more restrictive license, the author retains all the rights to publish the work elsewhere, including commercially, because she/he is not subject to the conditions of her / his own license, regardless of the type of CC license chosen.
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was jointly prepared by other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
6. Termination
This agreement can be terminated by the author or International Journal of Research in STEM Education at two months' notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating party's notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of the International Journal of Research in STEM Education.
7. Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by This agreement can be terminated by the author or International Journal of Research in STEM Education upon two months's notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating party's notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of the International Journal of Research in STEM Education or its sublicensee.
8. Miscellaneous
International Journal of Research in STEM Education‚ will publish the article (or have it published) in the journal if the article's editorial process is successfully completed and the International Journal of Research in STEM Education or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. International Journal of Research in STEM Education may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing, and usage that it deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible, and such access will be free of charge for the readers.










