THE OPERATIONAL ASPECTS OF OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING AND ITS QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM IN UNIVERSITAS TERBUKA

Authors

  • Aminudin Zuhairi Universitas Terbuka

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33830/ptjj.v20i2.122.2019

Keywords:

open and distance learning, Universitas Terbuka, open university, operational system, quality assurance

Abstract

Universitas Terbuka (UT) telah berfungsi sejak 1984 untuk memperluas kesempatan belajar bagi seluruh warga negara Indonesia dari berbagai lapisan guna menempuh pendidikan tinggi berkualitas. Makalah ini menyajikan aspek operasional pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh beserta sistem penjaminan kualitas UT. Deskripsi dan analisis tentang UT disampaikan dalam hal sistem pembelajaran, asesmen pembelajaran, dan sistem pendukung layanan operasional. Beragam layanan pendukung pembelajaran diberikan sesuai kebutuhan mahasiswa meliputi pembelajaran jarak jauh dengan tutorial online, pembelajaran jarak jauh blended dengan tutorial tatap muka dan online, pembelajaran jarak jauh dengan semua matakuliah didukung tutorial tatap muka, dan pembelajaran fully online. Sistem penjaminan kualitas UT meliputi pengembangan budaya kerja berkualitas sebagai tanggung jawab bersama, fokus pada pencegahan, dan pengembangan mekanisme asesmen kualitas secara internal dan eksternal. UT telah mengadopsi Asian Association of Open Universities (AAOU) Quality Assurance Framework sejak tahun 2001. Asesmen dan review kualitas secara eksternal telah dilakukan melalui sertifikasi ISO 9001 dan ISO 27001, akreditasi Program Studi dan Institusi oleh Badan Akreditasi Nasional Perguruan Tinggi (BAN-PT), dan review kualitas oleh International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE). Arah ke depan UT sebagaimana dinyatakan oleh Menteri Riset, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan Tinggi 2014-2015 adalah tantangan UT sebagai pelopor cyber university di Indonesia serta menyediakan matakuliah online bagi mahasiswa dari perguruan tinggi di Indonesia lain agar memiliki pengalaman pembelajaran online.

Universitas Terbuka (UT) has been functioning since 1984 to widen opportunities for the citizens of Indonesia from all geographical, social and economic backgrounds to have access to quality higher education. This paper presents the UT operational aspects of open and distance learning and its quality assurance system. The description and analysis of UT is presented in terms of teaching and learning system, assessment of student learning, and operational support system. The UT modes of learning support to students are provided based on the students’ needs to include distance learning with online tutorials, blended distance learning with face-to-face and online tutorials, distance learning with all courses supported by face-to-face tutorials, and fully online learning courses. Quality assurance is discussed in terms of the development of quality work culture as shared responsibility, focus on prevention, and the establishment of mechanism for internal and external assessment. UT has adopted the Asian Association of Open Universities (AAOU) Quality Assurance Framework since 2001. External quality assessment includes certification for ISO 9001 and ISO 27001, Study Program and Institution accreditations by the National Board of Higher Education Accreditation (BAN-PT), and quality reviews by the International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE). Future directions of UT as stated by the former Minister of Research, Technology, and Higher Education was to be pioneer in cyber university and to provide online courses for students from other universities in Indonesia.

References

Ahmad, I. (2018). Indonesia good practices on QA, recognition and student mobility programs. Presentation by Acting Director General of Learning and Student Affairs, Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, 4 June 2018.

Alan Tait. (2008). What are open universities for?, Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 23:2, 85-93, DOI: 10.1080/02680510802051871.

Anderson, T. & Elloumi, F. (Eds.). (2004). Theory and practice of online learning. Athabasca University, Athabasca.

Bates, A.W. (Tony). (2015). Teaching in a digital age guidelines for designing teaching and learning. Tony Bates Associates Ltd. Vancouver.

Belawati, T. & Zuhairi. A. (2007). The practice of a quality assurance system in open and distance learning: A case study at Universitas Terbuka Indonesia (The Indonesia Open University). International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, Vol 8. No 1.

Belawati, T. (2019). Pembelajaran online, Jakarta, Universitas Terbuka.

Bozkurt, A. (2019). From distance education to open and distance learning: A holistic evaluation of history, definitions, and theories, in Sisman-Ugur, S. and Kurubacak, G. (Eds.). Handbook of Research on Learning in the Age of Transhumanism. IGI Global, Hershey, PA, pp. 252-273.

Daniel, J. S. (2019). Open Universities: Old concepts and contemporary challenges. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 20(4), pp. 195-211. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v20i3.4035.

Darojat, O. (2018). How are the results of quality assurance programs used to inform practices at a distance higher education? Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 75-88.

Darojat, O. (2019). Lustrum Ke 7 Universitas Terbuka - "Mengukuhkan Konektivitas Bangsa di Era Siber" (The 7th Lustrum of Universitas Terbuka “Strengthening the Nation’s Connectivity in Cyber Eraâ€), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t88CxQeGGcM on 20 November 2019.

Holmberg, B. (1960). On the methods of teaching by correspondence. Gleerup, Lund.

Holmberg, B. (1995). Theory and practice of distance education. Routledge. New York.

Holmberg, B. (2008). The evolution, principles and practices of distance education. Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg.

Keegan, D. (1986). The foundations of distance education. Croom Helm, London.

Logli, C. (2015). Higher education and the public good: Creating inclusive and diverse national universities in Indonesia in the era of globalization, in Neubauer, D. and Collins, C. (Eds), Redefining asia pacific higher education in a global context. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057%2F9781137559203_3.

Logli, C. (2016). Higher education in Indonesia: Contemporary challenges in governance, access, and quality, in Neubauer, D., Hawkins, J., Lee, M. and Collins, C. (Eds), Handbook of asian higher education. Palgrave Macmillan, New York.

Pannen, P. (2018). Higher education systems and institutions, Indonesia, in Shin, J.C. and Teixeira, P. (Eds), Encyclopedia of International Higher Education Systems and Institutions, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9553-1_581-1.

Paul, R. & Tait, A. (2019). Special Issue: Open Universities: Past, Present and Future. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 20 (4), i–viii. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v20i4.4575.

Sewart, D. (2019). Through the mirror of ICDE - from correspondence to distance to online, https://www.icde.org/icde-history-articles/through-the-mirror-of-icde on 28 November 2019.

Suparman, M. A. (1993). Pendidikan Jarak Jauh. Universitas Terbuka, Jakarta.

UGM. (2020). Sejarah Universitas Gajah Mada, https://www.ugm.ac.id/id/aboutUGMPdf/1356-sejarah-universitas-gadjah-mada, 20 January 2020.

UT. (2017). Rencana Strategis Bisnis Universitas Terbuka Tahun 2016-2020, Jakarta, Universitas Terbuka unpublished document.

UT. (2019). Katalog Universitas Terbuka 2019. Universitas Terbuka, Jakarta.

UT. (2019a). Laporan Rektor 2018 (Report of Rector 2018). Universitas Terbuka, Jakarta.

Weller, M. (2018). Twenty years of EdTech, in West, R. (Ed.), Foundations of Learning and Instructional Design Technology (1st ed.), available at http://edtechbooks.org/lidtfoundations. [http://edtechbooks.org/-mr].

Zorn, A., Haywood, J., & Glachant, J. (Eds.). (2018). Higher education in the digital age. Moving academia online. Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA.

Downloads

Published

30-01-2020

How to Cite

Zuhairi, A. (2020). THE OPERATIONAL ASPECTS OF OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING AND ITS QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM IN UNIVERSITAS TERBUKA. Jurnal Pendidikan Terbuka Dan Jarak Jauh, 20(2), 52–67. https://doi.org/10.33830/ptjj.v20i2.122.2019

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Similar Articles

<< < 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.